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allsm [11]
2 years ago
15

sqrt%7B2%7D%7D%7D%5E%7B%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B%5Csqrt%7B2%7D%7D%7D%5Cleft%28%5Cleft%28%5Cfrac%7Bx-1%7D%7Bx%2B1%7D%5Cright%29%5E%7B2%7D%2B%5Cleft%28%5Cfrac%7Bx%2B1%7D%7Bx-1%7D%5Cright%29%5E%7B2%7D-2%5Cright%29%5E%7B%5Cfrac%7B1%7D%7B2%7D%7D%20d%20x%5Cend%7Bequation%7D" id="TexFormula1" title="\begin{equation}\text { Question: If } \int_{\frac{-1}{\sqrt{2}}}^{\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}}\left(\left(\frac{x-1}{x+1}\right)^{2}+\left(\frac{x+1}{x-1}\right)^{2}-2\right)^{\frac{1}{2}} d x\end{equation}" alt="\begin{equation}\text { Question: If } \int_{\frac{-1}{\sqrt{2}}}^{\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}}\left(\left(\frac{x-1}{x+1}\right)^{2}+\left(\frac{x+1}{x-1}\right)^{2}-2\right)^{\frac{1}{2}} d x\end{equation}" align="absmiddle" class="latex-formula">
Options:
(a) ln16
(b) 2ln16
(c) 3ln16
(d) 4ln16
Mathematics
1 answer:
Elodia [21]2 years ago
7 0

We want to evaluate

\displaystyle \int_{-\frac1{\sqrt2}}^{\frac1{\sqrt2}} \sqrt{\left(\frac{x-1}{x+1}\right)^2 + \left(\frac{x+1}{x-1}\right)^2 - 2} \, dx

First we note that the integrand is even (replacing x with -x doesn't fundamentally alter the function being integrated), so this is equal to

\displaystyle 2 \int_0^{\frac1{\sqrt2}} \sqrt{\left(\frac{x-1}{x+1}\right)^2 + \left(\frac{x+1}{x-1}\right)^2 - 2} \, dx

The radicand reduces significantly to

\displaystyle \left(\frac{x-1}{x+1}\right)^2 + \left(\frac{x+1}{x-1}\right)^2 - 2 = \frac{16x^2}{(1-x^2)^2}

so that taking the square root, we simplify the integral to

\displaystyle 8 \int_0^{\frac1{\sqrt2}} \frac x{1-x^2} \, dx

which is trivially computed with a substitution of y = 1 - x^2 and dy=-2x\,dx:

\displaystyle -4 \int_1^{\frac12} \frac{dy}y = 4 \int_{\frac12}^1 \frac{dy}y = -4 \ln\left(\frac12\right) = \ln(2^4) = \boxed{\ln(16)}

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bit.^{}ly/3a8Nt8n

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One variable examined is the survival rate 10 years after tagging. The scientists observed that 10 of the 50 metal tagged pengui
Oksana_A [137]

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So, interval would be

(p_m-p_e)\pm z\sqrt{\dfrac{p_m(1-p_m)}{n}+\dfrac{p_e(1-p_e)}{n}}\\\\=(0.2-0.36)\pm 1.28\sqrt{\dfrac{0.2\times 0.8}{50}+\dfrac{0.36\times 0.64}{50}}\\\\=-0.16\pm 0.0883\\\\=(-0.16-0.0883,-0.16+0.0883)\\\\=(-0.2483,-0.0717)

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