Plessy v. Ferguson was the first major inquiry into the meaning of the Fourteenth Amendment's (1868) equal-protection clause, which prohibits the states from denying “equal protection of the laws” to any person within their jurisdictions.
It would be the "the preamble" that implies a plan of action and lists certain things to be changed, since the introduction is far more general in exclaiming why in fact they are claiming independence.
