There were a number of predecessor agencies to INS between 1891 and 1933. The Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) was formed in 1933 by a merger of the Bureau of Immigration and the Bureau of Naturalization. Both those Bureaus, as well as the newly created INS, were controlled by the Department of Labor.
Generally speaking, rules that have the force of law are called "<span>a. mandates," although it should be noted that this could be interpreted as "executive orders" depending on the circumstances and country. </span><span />
Answer:
Ghana, Mali, and Songhai.
Explanation:
Similarities:
Both empires emerged in the 14th and 15th centuries as postclassic civilizations building on the innovations of earlier political powers but expanding to greater extents
Both empires were entirely infantry, but well supplied, well-organized, and extremely aggressive and militaristic. Javelins, slings, spears and maces were used in battle.
Both empires had inherent instabilities
Both empires were fueled by corn.
Both empires have little to no seafaring, and instead stuck to the mountains and valleys in the center of the region.
Both empires conquered hundreds of cities in the region that resented their rule and taxation
Both empires were ended by Spanish invasions that capitalized on native divisions, introduced disease, and Spanish technology of guns, horses, and steel.
Both empires are misnamed-the Inka was the ruler of Tawantinsuyu, and the Aztecs adopted the name Mexica.
Both empires provided public education
Both Atahualpa and Moctezuma decided against confronting the Spanish militarily, allowing for the Spanish to take the Emperors hostage.
Attempts to restore the monarchy came after the capture and death of the emperor, but were too late.
Differences:
The Incas were bronze age, Aztecs were stone age
THe Incas assigned governors and shuffled conquered peoples around. There was a greater centralization than in Mexico
The Aztecs were a tributary empire, not a direct one.
The Aztecs had writing, while the Incas used Quipu
The Aztecs still had many rivals left unsubdued
The Inca used mostly potatoes while corn was far more dominant in Mexico.
The Inca had llamas, small but important livestock that made transport easier
The Inca had a sophisticated courier system of Chasquis along state-maintained roads
The Inca used bronze axes and halberds, with slings and maces as their main weapons alongside spears. The Aztecs used obsidian swords and glaives instead for close combat, and used javelins far more. Likewise, while Inca military relied on the unit’s experience and officer corps for their quality like the Romans, the Aztecs instead had a feudalistic division between the elite knights and commoners, with advancement by taking captives.
The Inca allowed women into their schools but not commoners. The Aztecs prohibited women but allowed for peasant men to also gain an education.
The diseases that destroyed the Incas came before the Spanish actually arrived in Peru, while the Spanish had been in Mexico for months before the plagues killed the emperor and populace.
Moctezuma’s mistake was trying to use generosity to awe the Spanish and try to coax them on his side, while Atahualpa’s was trying to awe them with his army rather than actually using it.
The Inca political crisis was a civil war between two brothers, while the Aztec’s was a three way duel between the King, the Priests, and the Aristocracy and military.
Explanation:
Athens and Sparta, two of the most prominent Greek city-states, had a few similarities. Other than being apart of Greece and the language they spoke, they both worshipped the same gods, which are the twelve Olympian gods and goddesses, which included Zeus, Poseidon, and Aphrodite. Additionally, slaves played a major role in both city-states. These Greek city-states were clear rivals, but they did team up to defeat the Persians during the Greco-Persian War. Following their victory, both city states alliances with other city-states to create Athen’s Delians League and Sparta’s Peloponnesian League; these leagues were obvious rivals which led to the peloponnesian War between these city-states and the final outcome was Sparta defeating the Athenians and taking them over. Athens and Greece, even though they have some similarities, are exceedingly different, especially when looking at their government, economy, and cultural value. When looking at their governments, the Athenian government is purely a democracy, where the spartan government is a mix of a monarchy and an oligarchy. It is says in this excerpt from “The Spartan Constitution,” written by Aristotle, “... they praise the Lacedaemonian because it is made up of oligarchy, monarchy, and democracy, the king forming the monarchy, and the council of elders the oligarchy while the democratic element is represented by the Ephors; for the Ephors are selected from the people.” Aristotle is directly telling us here that the
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