Protasomes are protein complexes which degrade unneeded or damaged proteins by proteolysis, a chemical reaction that breaks peptide bonds. Proteins are tagged for degradation with a small protein called ubiquitin, and the tagging reaction is catalyzed by enzymes called ubiquitin ligases. ATP is required to activate ubiquitin in the first step of linking it to the target protein.
The reaction is
Ubiquitin + E1.SH + ATP = Ub.S.E1 + AMP + PP
The three germ layers are the endoderm, the ectoderm, and the mesoderm. Cells in each germ layer differentiate into tissues and embryonic organs. The ectoderm gives rise to the nervous system and the epidermis, among other tissues. The mesoderm gives rise to the muscle cells and connective tissue in the body.
Answer:
A) The catalyst makes lower energy pathways available.
Explanation:
A catalyst is a substance which speeds up a chemical reaction without itself being used in the reaction. Activation energy is the thresh hold energy which is required to initiate a chemical reaction. In the absence of catalyst, the activation energy is high therefore reactions are slower. But, presence of catalyst lowers the activation energy required to initiate the reaction as a result of which the reaction gets an alternate energy pathway to proceed which is responsible for speeding up the reaction.
Answer:
variations between the sexes are smaller than variations within each sex
Explanation:
One way is that it add water to the atmosphere. Another way is that the trees and leafs provides the oxygen
