Answer:
1. Mikhail Gorbachev was the man responsible for the changes that took place in the Soviet Union, changes that also led to its fall. Gorbachev established the policies of perestroika and glasnost, with the main purpose being to stabilize the economy that had downward trajectory, as well as make decentralization in order for the country to be easier for running. Despite the good intent, these policies were a big failure, and the Soviet Union crumbled instead of progressing.
2. The intended effects of the perestroika and glasnost policies were to make the country more democratic, get the economy back on track, decentralization for more efficient and easier running of the vast country. While the intentions were good, the real effects of it were devastating for the Soviet Union. There were numerous unintended effects from these policies, such as the gaining of power by the federal authorities, leading to their better organization, and eventual separation of the Soviet Union. The economy instead of recuperating, crumbled, with lot of people losing their jobs, the country going in bankruptcy, and the poverty being widespread.
