Following the September 11, 2001 attacks, the US government took immediate (including rescue operations at the World Trade Center site and the grounding of civilian flights) and long-term (including investigations, legislative reforms, military action, and rehabilitation projects) responses. Investigations into the attacks' intentions and execution led to the proclamation of a War on Terrorism, which resulted in continuing military operations in Afghanistan and, later, Iraq. Lower Manhattan was rebuilt thanks to cleanup and restoration operations, and government subsidies helped fund the creation of the National September 11 Memorial & Museum.
