The impact of the setting upon the characters is best described by the statement;
B) Between us there was, as I have already said somewhere, the bond of the sea.
The story was set in the sea. The impact of being in the sea for a long while affected the characters in the story because they developed a strong bond as seen in the chosen sentence above.
The four individuals and the Director of Companies also known as the Captain were aboard a cruise ship named Nellie.
Being on the ship for too long and seeing the same people over time can cause the development of a strong bond between the passengers on board.
Thus, was the bond formed by the individuals in the story.