Yes, it is true that civilians are only tried within the civilian tribunal, not military court, since there are major differences in terms of the ways in which these two courts are operated.
Based on Joh Adam's full text on archive.org, is being President of the Senate. He described that he lost significance after having the role in a letter to Abigail. He described his position being held by the interest of other people. Being aware of political happenings and what would happen that the President would enter a war. He stands witness and said to have no power to do good nor evil.
Thomas jefferson was the third president of the united states
A political party is basically how the election is, you have two different parties (Democrat & Republican) both have two different views on how the government should be lead.
So your answer is A, there's a website i can recommend if you'd like