The similarity between independent and subordinate clauses is that, both clauses have a subject and a verb. But the difference between the two is that, an independent clause conveys a complete thought, but a subordinate clause does not, and it needs the main sentence to complete its idea.
The meaning is that if you have a negative outlook on your self or your life you can not live a positive life. A positive mindset leads to a positive life. In life you must try to make the most of things and try to be positive.
Well...for a year or two, until it stucks on your body like the glue.
I think the answer your looking for is:
They embrace rules and order.
B is the correct marking because they quoted the teacher and used his quote in first person as if he was saying it again