Slave holders, hope this helps. =)
I beleive the answer is the fist one
It is the location of the kaaba - it is expected that muslims visit mecca at least once in their lifetime to walk around the kaaba 7 times counterclockwise
Both countries were forced to industrialize by aggressive neighbors
Hope I helped
1.desert
2. tropical
3.savannah
4.rainforest
5. Mediterranean
*Wild guess*