<span>
the passage shows that pardoners were officially authorized by the church</span>
A) Relocating/subject
A gerund is specifically, a noun made by adding the suffix "-ing" to a verb. In this case the only gerund is "relocating", which means that that must be the correct answer. So, by process of elimination, A is the correct answer.
Answer:
Think it over!
Explanation:
The other three aren't forceful, but kind.
Because if it was written after the time of the event, the source may be inaccurate. Also, if it was written in a different place to the event the source is taking about, that place could be particularly biased for or against that event.