When Alexius I Komnenoi implored the pope (Urban II) for help, he meant it to reconquer the lost Byzantine lands (and therefore return in to their de facto ruler, a.k.a., the Byzantines). Urban however, decided to merely use that as a façade in order to then invade the Muslims, and retake the holy land.
He also saw the wanted to unite Christianity as a whole (All the sects at the time, Orthodoxy, Catholicism, Paulicianism, Iconoclasts, etc. into a single conglomerate, fighting a common enemy.)
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Land with waters that drained into the Mississippi River.
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European allies believed that after the recover of world war II their colonies would finally provide the combination of raw materials and protected markets for finished goods that would cement the colonies to Europe