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The risks and uncertainties of free labor didn't deter millions of immigrants from entering the US during the 1840s and 1850s. Almost 4.5 million immigrants arrived between 1840 and 1860, 6 times more than had come during the previous 2 decades. By 1860, foreign born residents made up about 1/8 of the US population, a fraction that held steady well into the 20th century. Nearly ¾ of the immigrants who arrived in the US during this time came from Germany or Ireland.
Herbert Clark Hoover (August 10, 1874 – October 20, 1964) was an American engineer, businessman, and politician who served as the 31st president of the United States from 1929 to 1933. A member of the Republican Party, he held office during the onset of the Great Depression.
Congress(house of representatives and the senate put together)