I believe you have a typo when it comes to the first option - it should be athletics, not athletic. The word athletic is an adjective, and the word athletics is a noun.
That being said, the correct answer is A. athletics. Even though this noun ends in -s, it is still singular. The rest of the options are all plural nouns.
In John Milton's Paradise Lost, both the fall of Adam and Eve and the fall of Satan and his cohorts are caused by disobedience to God.
The changes of the air temperature can affect the Bella's songs. because of the air temperature.
Being better than someone, or something at a specific task or ability to do something