1) the Constitution, federal laws made pursuant to it, and treaties made under its authority,
2) when state constitutions or laws passed by state legislatures or the national Congress are found to conflict with the federal Constitution, they have no force.
3) Yes, all treaties are the “supreme law of the land”
4) The congress can shut down the government.
Answer:
The Articles of Confederation (1781) was the original Constitution before being replaced in 1789. The Articles of Confederation favored power to the states. The Articles of Confederation was all created by the 13 States soon after the American Revolution. Obviously, the Articles did not turn out successful. For example, it did not have any sort of national court or executive branch. Each state had there own form of currency. If a amendment wanted to be passed, ALL 13 colonies had to agree
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The Battle of Fort Sumter was a bombing carried out between April 12 and 13, 1861, by the army of the Confederate States of America with the intention of expelling the federal troops that occupied the fortification of Fort Sumter, located at the entrance to the bay of Charleston in South Carolina.
Since three months before, Confederate troops were stationed around Fort Sumter preparing for a possible defense of Charleston Bay against an assault by the federal fleet or to carry out a possible attack on the fort.
On April 12, 1861, at 3:20 h. In the morning, the Confederates informed Anderson that an hour later they would open fire on the fort. Anderson rejected Beauregard's petition for capitulation, although he told the Southern messenger that hunger would in any case lead to surrender in a few days if they were not supplied. At 4:30 h. a cannon shot from Fort Johnson on Fort Sumter indicated the beginning of the battle and began the shelling of 43 cannons and howitzers, located at Fort Johnson, Fort Moultrie and Commings Point. Anderson did not reply until after seven o'clock in the morning, time when Captain Abner Doubleday fired on the Confederate battery of Commings Point.
In addition, with a shortage of soldiers, the federal troops only used the guns of the lower levels of Fort Sumter, having very few opportunities to reach the batteries of the forts that controlled the South Carolina militia. Because the United States flag was repeatedly knocked down, the Confederate troops checked regularly to see if the feds had surrendered. The capitulation was not accepted by the federals until 34 hours after the beginning of the bombing. On April 14, the Confederate flag was hoisted in Fort Sumter.
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