Question

Adverse impact (Al) is a test characteristic where differential outcomes vary as a function of a protected-class status variables (i.e., race, sex, color, religion, national origin, age, and disability; Arthur, Doverspike, Barrett, & Miguel, in press). This is distinct from subgroup differences which reflect group mean differences on certain tests; Al on the other hand is a legal term that refers to differential outcomes for different groups (Arthur et al., in press). Despite being distinct, these constructs are highly related; subgroup differences on predictor tests very often lead to Al. Many authors have proposed a variety of solutions for avoiding Al in employment decisions (Campion et al., 2001; Ployhart & Holtz, 2008; Sackett, Schmitt, Ellingson, & Kabin, 2001), though not all options are legal and/or valid. Maintaining equilibrium between minimizing Al and maximizing validity has been referred to as the diversity-validity dilemma (Ployhart & Holtz, 2008).
What is
Meant by differential outcomes

Answer 1

The differential outcomes in the above is known to be the positive influence based on accuracy that took place in discrimination learning between the functions if unique rewards are said to be paired with each specific variable.

What is differential outcomes?

The differential outcome effect (DOE) is known to be a term that connote the increase in regards to the speed of  getting and also of terminal accuracy that takes place in conditional discrimination learning if two or more stimuli are said to be correlated with a specific outcome.

Note that The differential outcomes in the above is known to be the positive influence based on accuracy that took place in discrimination learning between the functions if unique rewards are said to be paired with each specific variable.

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