DNA plays a major role in heredity, composing the genes that are passed down from parent to offspring. It also plays a major role in the everyday workings of your cells. It does this by creating molecules, such as enzymes, that regulate cell functions. These enzymes belong to a larger class of molecules known as Proteins.
- DNA is important in terms of heredity. It packs in all the genetic information and passes it on to the next generation. The basis for this lies in the fact that DNA makes genes and genes make chromosomes. Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes – a total of 46 chromosomes.
- Information that is stored in DNA molecules is used to manufacture proteins through the process of transcription and translation.
- During transcription, DNA molecules are used to generate mRNA (messenger RNA), which then undergoes translation in the cytoplasm to generate proteins. These proteins include enzymes that control or regulate and catalyze different biological reactions in the body.
- Additionally, one of the characteristic of protein is being protein in nature which means like proteins they are produced through translation in the ribosomes.
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If you are going from a high gradient to a low gradient it’s passive transport. Think of a hill if you put a rock at the top of that hill it will go down no energy involved. Active transport is going up the hill you must use energy to push that rock up the hill because it’s from a low gradient to the top. Hope this helps
