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2 years ago

__________identify antigens and then multiply and trigger the production of other kinds of immune cells.

1 answer:

5 0

<u>Helper t-cells</u> identify antigens and then multiply and trigger the production of other kinds of immune cells.

<h3>What are helper T-cells?</h3>

Helper T-cells are one of the main types of immune cells. They detect infections and activate other immune cells to fight the infection.

Your thymus develops helper T-cells. The thymus is a small gland in the front of your chest. The other types of T-cells include:

Cytotoxic T-cells, which fight infections.
Regulatory T-cells, which regulate or suppress other immune cells when needed.
NKT-cells, which can enhance immunity in general.

<h3>What are the subtypes of helper T-cells?</h3>

When helper T-cells detect an infection, they form into one of two subtypes:

TH1 helper cells release a molecule that activates a type of cell called a macrophage. Macrophages are specialized cells that help eliminate foreign substances from your body. TH1 cells also activate cytotoxic T-cells.
TH2 helper cells release molecules that activate B-cells. B-cells create antibodies. They also release cells that cause coughing, sneezing or diarrhea to help your body get rid of foreign substances. This group of T-cells helps generate allergy antibodies.

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How do cells make more ATP when they run out? <br><br> HELP PLZ

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3 years ago

If a single base pair gets damaged and goes missing from an rna, what would most likely happen?

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A frame-shift mutation would occur. This is because a deletion will cause a change in codon sequence from the point of mutation to the end of the mRNA. If the mutation is closer to the start of the mRNA, the larger the effect of the mutation on the translated protein.

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3 years ago

_______ is the current condition in the troposphere.

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3 years ago

What differs among DNA structures of different species?

weqwewe [10]

Answer:

D) the arrangement of the nucleotides within genes

Explanation:

De-oxy ribo nucleic acid that is basically a polymer of nucleotides. Nucleotides are composed of three basic units: a de-oxyribose sugar unit, a phosphate group and nitrogenous bases that can be Adenine, Gunanine, Thymine and Cytosine.Adenine always pairs with Thymine and Guanine always pairs with Cytosine.

This is a universal composition of DNA in each and every living organism. The genes are a segment of DNA that contain specific sequence of nucleotides and encode for a specific trait of organism such as height, weight, eye color etc. The sequence of nucleotides expresses the trait in the form of protein product during the process of Translation. The products of translation are amino acids and every amino acids encode for a specific protein in almost all living organisms.

So, what differs in the specie is the sequence of nucleotides in genes. Infact this is the nucleotide sequence which brings evolution in organism and organisms evolve to form new specie with the passage of time. One major cause of change in nucleotide sequence is mutations due to which the organisms change with time.

Suppose the sequence of nucleotide of specific gene in organism A is

AAGGGGAAATTT

However in other specie organism B of same specie is:

TAGGGGAAATTT

This means only mutation of one base changed the gene in organism B and also its product called protein.

Hope it help!

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3 years ago

Read 2 more answers

the eyeless gene is required for eye formation in drosophila. it encodes a homeodomain. a. what would you predict about the bioc

Arte-miy333 [17]

<h3>Briefing:</h3>

In Drosophila, the eyeless gene is necessary for the development of eyes. Given that it encodes for a homeodomain, its protein may have a role as a transcription factor that binds DNA in a specific sequence. In situ hybridization can be used to study the gene's mRNA expression pattern, and immunological methods can be used to study the protein.

A. Since the eyeless gene in Drosophila encodes for a homeodomain, one potential use for its protein is as a DNA-binding transcription factor that binds to specific DNA sequences.

B. As implied by its function, the eyeless gene should be expressed in the Drosophila cells in charge of eye formation. In situ hybridization of the gene's mRNA expression is one potential test to find the gene. The protein can also be seen via a variety of immunological and staining methods. It is possible to do gene deletion experiments to see if Drosophila will retain its eyes or go blind. Additionally, genetic engineering can determine whether the eyeless gene expressed in other organs can result in the creation of eyes.

C. Transgenic tests can be used to determine whether the Small eye and Aniridia genes function similarly to the fly eyeless gene. Since both of these function as master switches for the genes that create eyes, it is possible to transfer the mouse Small eye gene into Drosophila to observe whether it is expressed. These, however, are simply Drosophila eyes and not comparable to mouse eyes.

<h3>Describe DNA:</h3>

All known organisms, including many viruses, require deoxyribonucleic acid, a polymer comprised of two polynucleotide chains that coil around one another to create a double helix, to develop, function, grow, and reproduce. DNA and ribonucleic acid are examples of nucleic acids.

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2 years ago