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The absolute number of molecules of drug required to elicit a response
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Cnidarians represent a more complex level of organization than Porifera. They possess outer and inner tissue layers that sandwich a noncellular mesoglea. Cnidarians possess a well-formed digestive system and carry out extracellular digestion.
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Similarly to their eukaryotic counterparts, bacterial chromosomes perform the complex task of efficiently compacting DNA while supporting gene regulation and proper DNA segregation. Chromosomes are thus shaped at multiple scales by a large number of proteins and DNA enzymes
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Anammox (anaerobic ammonium oxidation), which is a reaction that oxidises ammonium to di-nitrogen gas using nitrite as the electron acceptor under anoxic conditions, was an important discovery in the nitrogen cycle.
