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Similar fossils found on different continents helped geologists determine how the continents used to be connected. Mountain belts marked the boundaries of moving plates, which showed in which direction the different continents drifted. Extrapolating from this information, scientists had a rough idea of how the continents were arranged eons ago.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
Despite infrequent rainfalls, erosional and depositional features of running water are important in desert landscapes
<span>The most volcanically active belt on Earth
is known as the Ring of Fire, a region of subduction zone
volcanism surrounding the Pacific Ocean. Subduction zone volcanism
occurs where two plates are converging on one another. One plate
containing oceanic lithosphere descends beneath the adjacent plate,
thus consuming the oceanic lithosphere into the earth's mantle.
This on-going process is called subduction. As the
descending plate bends downward at the surface, it creates a large
linear depression called an oceanic trench. These
trenches are the deepest topographic features on the earth's surface.
</span>
<span>The crustal portion of the subducting
slab contains a significant amount of surface water, as well as
water contained in hydrated minerals within the seafloor basalt.
As the subducting slab descends to greater and greater depths,
it progressively encounters greater temperatures and greater pressures
which cause the slab to release water into the mantle wedge overlying
the descending plate. Water has the effect of lowering the melting
temperature of the mantle, thus causing it to melt. The magma
produced by this mechanism varies from basalt to andesite in composition.
It rises upward to produce a linear belt of volcanoes parallel
to the oceanic trench, as exemplified in the above image of the
Aleutian Island chain. The chain of volcanoes is called an island
arc. If the oceanic lithosphere subducts beneath an adjacent
plate of continental lithosphere, then a similar belt of volcanoes
will be generated on continental crust. </span>
The physical processes on Earth create constant change. These processes—including movement in the tectonic plates in the crust, wind and water erosion, and deposition—shape features on Earth's surface.Lithospheric Processes cause magmatism, mantle dynamics, and faulting, which in turn shape the Earth's ever-changing surface.
The four common Planet Surface Processes are: Cratering, Volcanoes, Erosion, and Weathering (chemical and physical).The Earth's surface is constantly changing through forces in nature. The daily processes of precipitation, wind and land movement result in changes to landforms over a long period of time. Driving forces include erosion, volcanoes and earthquakes.
Lithospheric Processes. Lithospheric Processes cause magmatism, mantle dynamics, and faulting, which in turn shape the Earth's ever-changing surface. ... We also study the high temperature systems in the Earth's interior that produce magmas, drive metamorphism, and create mantle heterogeneity.
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