Question

Superantigens cause _________. Multiple Choice specific activation of phagocytic cells stimulation of T cells to overproduce cytokines specific activation of phagocytic cells and stimulation of T cells to overproduce cytokines None of the choices are correct.

Answer 1

Superantigens cause the stimulation of T cells to overproduce cytokines.

• Some pathogens in an unusual way take over the immune system and mislead it by interfering in the adaptive immune system.
• Instead of processing by APC (Antigen Presenting Cells), superantigen is directly bonded to MHC-II (Major histocompatibility complex) and TCR (T cell receptor) for a longer period than normal.
• As a result, about 20% of T cells are stimulated to produce cytokines such as interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon-γ (INF-γ), and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) known as Cytokine storm. Thereby, affected individuals experience some adverse symptoms like toxic shock syndrome and rheumatic fever.

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