I don’t remember, but I know it was Christian, if that helps at all
They bred prolifically and when their population exceeded the capacity of their limited land to sustain them, they sent out the surplus population to seize new land and establish new city-states. So they spread right around the Mediterranean and Black Seas.
People flocked to the cities in the late 1800's because during this time factories were booming and there was more opportunity in the cities. Therefore the answer is B.