They experienced some success, primarily because of the religious movements of the time.
The 19th century (19) began on January 1, 1801 (MDCCCI) and ended on December 31, 1900 (MCM). The 19th century is the 9th century of the 2nd millennium.
The 19th century was characterized by extensive social upheavals. Slavery was abolished in much of Europe and America. The first industrial revolution, although started at the end of the 18th century, for the first time in this century spread beyond the British homeland, especially the economic and social reconstruction of the Netherlands, the Rhineland, northern Italy, and the northeastern United States. A few decades later, the Second Industrial Revolution led to ever greater rates of urbanization and much higher levels of productivity, profitability, and prosperity, a pattern that continued well into the future. 20th century.
The Islamic gunpowder empires fell into decline and European imperialism brought much of South Asia, Southeast Asia, and nearly all of Africa under colonial rule. It was also marked by the fall of the great Spanish and Mughal empires.
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