The nurse administers cimetidine to a 75-year-old client diagnosed with a Gastric ulcer the nurse should monitor the client for the following adverse reactions Headache, Sleepiness, Confusion, Dizziness, Nausea which contribute for the change in Metal status.
- Cimetidine is a H
Receptor Antagonist. - Gastric partial cells contains receptors for Histamine.
- Histamine is released from the Enterochromaffin cells upon the stimulation from food intake or from Vagus nerve stimulation.
- Thus Histamine released from Enterochromaffin cells binds to H
receptors on the parietal cells and increases the secretion of HCl.
- Cimetidine has totally opposite effect and decreases the secretion of HCl from the parietal cells.
- Not only on gastric cells H
receptors are also present in CNS where they stimulate brain cells. - The above point justifies the adverse effects of Cimetidine.
- Patients over the age of 50 or those who are severely ill may experience transient confusion while taking H
blockers, particularly cimetidine.
Hence from these points we can conclude that patients who are above 50 years and receiving Cimetidine medication for gastric ulcer should be monitored for the above mentioned adverse reactions.
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Answer:
Standardized Nursing Language
Explanation:
Answer:
TRUE
Explanation:
In the heart there are two semilunar valves (29, 32), both valves lead to the pulmonar artery, and to the aortic arch; respectively.
Answer:
Explanation:
The osmotic gradient in the kidney typically in the medulla is a process that generates urine that is 5 times more concentrated so as to reduce the loss of water from the body.
The countercurrent multiplication is a process that uses energy to produce the osmotic gradient in the kidney, this process facilitates the reabsorption of water from the tubular fluid. This mechanism moves the sodium chloride from the tubular fluid to the interstitial space of the kidneys. The osmotic gradient can be developed in two ways:
1. The single effect: This involves the transport of sodium chloride from the tubular fluid and moved to the ascending limb then finally to the interstitial fluid. As a result of this, the water moves passively down to the concentration gradient out of the tubular fluid than to the descending limb of the interstitial space, until the equilibrium is achieved.
2. Fluid flow method: The tubular fluid enters into the descending limb. This pushes the fluid into high osmolarity typically down the tube. This way the osmotic gradient develops.