It stated that a slave would count for only three fifths of a person in congress
You could say that he appealed to pathos. It's an appeal to emotion while ethos is to credibility. He used pathos to speak about sad things like secession and about the evils of slavery and why it should end. He didn't have to appeal to credibility because he was already the president so everyone knew why he was competent.
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The most ethical response if an experiment fails to confirm a hypothesis is to revise the hypothesis and develop a new experiment to test it. The correct answer is A.
Justified means if something is right or that it's good or the right thing to do. The quote sounds like it's too much. So I would say no, it's not justified.