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lesya692 [45]
1 year ago
8

21. The Function and Organization of the Motor System Controlling Flight Maneuvers in Flies (Drosophilla (fruit fly))

Biology
1 answer:
viva [34]1 year ago
5 0

The effects of Function and Organization of the Motor System Controlling Flight that flies possess a strong equilibrium reflex wherein angular rotations of the body elicit compensatory modifications in each the amplitude and stroke frequency of the wings of Drosophilla.

The daunting challenge of controlling their limbs the usage of a small set of rather restricted actuators. This problem is specifically demanding for insects along with Drosophila, which need to alter wing motion for both quick voluntary maneuvers and sluggish compensatory reflexes the use of only a dozen pairs of muscles.

Techniques through which animals execute particular movements using sparse motor networks, the hobby of a entire ensemble of wing manage muscles in intact, flying flies. Our experiments uncovered a remarkably efficient good judgment in which each of the skeletal factors at the base of the wing are ready with each large active muscle mass able to executing big adjustments and smaller tonically energetic muscular tissues specialized for non-stop quality-scaled modifications.

Learn more about Motor System Controlling here:-brainly.com/question/26348097

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iogann1982 [59]

Commensalism is a relationship between two organisms where one organism benefits but the other is not harmed and does not benefit at the same time.


Mutualism is a relationship between two organisms where both of them benefit.


Parasitism is a relationship between two organisms where one benefits and the other is harmed. The organism that is harmed is called a host where the benefitting organism lives in or on.


Crocodile bird and crocodile

The Egyptian plover is also known as the crocodile bird. The relationship between the two is called mutualism. The crocodile bird benefits by eating the food that is stuck in between the teeth of the crocodile. This benefits the crocodile because food that gets stuck in its teeth can actually cause infection.


Remora and shark

Remora and shark have a relationship called commensalism. The remora is a fish that swims under the shark or attaches itself to the shark. It benefits from the shark because it uses the shark as a means of transportation and at the same time, it gets to eat the left overs of the shark. The shark also serves as a bodyguard for these remoras. The shark is not harmed in this process but it does not benefit either.  


Flea and dog

A flea and a dog have a relationship called parasitism. The dog is somewhat harmed by the flea, as it sucks its blood to feed itself and injects saliva into the skin of the dog which causes discomfort to the dog. The dog is the host on which the flea lives on.


Barnacle and whale

Barnacles and whales have a relationship that is called commensalism. The barnacle benefits from the whale by sticking to a whale. As the whale travels through plankton-rich waters, the barnacles get to feed on them through filter feeding. They also benefit because the whale acts as a mode of transportation and protection as they go to one feeding site to another.


Tapeworm and human

The tapeworm and human relationship is an example of parasitism. The tapeworm is a parasite that feeds off the human host. They enter the human host and reside in the intestines. They benefit from their host by eating the partly digested food that goes through the digestive tract. The host is harmed because it deprives the host from getting the nutrients it needs from the digested food.


Algae and fungus

Algae and fungus share a mutualistic relationship. The fungus benefits by growing around the algae which provides it a constant supply of food through photosynthesis of the algae. The algae benefits from the water and nutrients the fungus absorbs.


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The clown fish and sea anemone both benefit from their relationship, which makes this mutualism. The clownfish makes the sea anemone its home because anemone have stinging tentacles which provide the clownfish protection. At the same time, the clownfish protects the sea anemone from other fishes that eat anemone.


Termite and digestive tract microorganisms

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