Daimio rewarded the farmer because the cherry tree blossomed when the farmer blew the ashes on it. On the other hand, Daimio punished his neighbour because his actions caused distress for others.
The question is related to the story “The Ashes That Made the Trees Blossom”.
In the story, the noble farmer sprinkled some ashes on a cherry tree that was withered. The cherry tree blossomed magically when the farmer blew the ashes on it. Daimio was pleased by this act and hence he rewarded the farmer for this act. He knew that the intentions of the farmer were pure.
The farmer's neighbour was greedy and wanted the same reward from Daimio. They also sprinkled ashes on the cherry tree in order to get a reward from Daimio. Nothing happened to the tree but these ashes caused trouble to other people. The ashes hurt the eyes of other people and also caused them to sneeze and cough. Daimio became angry and hence punished the neighbours for the same act.
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