Option b is correct. When an overridden method is called from within a subclass, it will always refer to the version of that method defined by the subclass.
Subclasses are classes that can be created by adding new functionality to a parent class, such as new object variables or new methods. In terms of automata theory, a subclass expands the state transition table with new rows and states. However, by overriding (changing) existing functionality, the majority of OO programming languages also enable us to derive subclasses from parent classes. When implementing a class, all that is required to be specified is the new or updated functionality thanks to inheritance mechanisms between parent class and subclass.
Lines connected through a circle connect the subclasses HourlyEmployee and SalaryEmployee to the superclass Employee. The circled letter "d" stands for disjointness, which demands that the specification's subclasses be distinct. As a result, an entity can belong to only one of the specification's subclasses. An individual employee can only be paid either hourly wages or a salary; they cannot be paid both. The open sides of the inheritance (arch) symbols face the superclass.
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