Question

Which of the following phase II metabolic reactions makes phase I metabolites readily excretable in urine?

Answer 1

Glucuronidation is the phase II metabolic reaction that makes phase I metabolites easily excreted in the urine.

Why do phase I metabolites need to be excreted in the urine?

• Because they are substances necessary for the organism.
• Because they can disrupt the body's biological processes.

Phase I metabolites cannot accumulate in an organism as they can develop toxicity and prevent new biological processes from developing.

Ideally, these metabolites are eliminated from the body after they are used, but their molecular structure makes them easily trapped in the renal tubes, preventing excretion.

For this reason, Glucuronidation adds glucuronic acid to these metabolites allowing them to conjugate with water and manage to be excreted in the urine.

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