When we look at the context, we see that this sentence is meant to be the introduction of our text. It is meant to give some information about cod. "Cod," therefore, is the subject. Then, the phrase "a fish found in ocean water around the world" is an appositive. An appositive is a noun or pronoun, accompanied by modifiers, that is set next to another noun in order to modify it. Finally, in order for the rest of the sentence to make sense, we need a verb, which in this case is "has been."
Answer:A smaller planter population and more favorable geography contributed to the region's factory development. ... The textile industry was the most significant early industry to take root in the upcountry and Piedmont regions of South Carolina.