Answer:
virus are obligate parasites. Viruses do not, however, carry out metabolic processes. Most notably, viruses differ from living organisms in that they cannot generate ATP.
Answer:
- DNA to be cloned
- mature mammalian mRNA is isolated
- reverse transcriptase, provided with a primer, synthesizes a strand of cDNA without introns
- the mRNA is hydrolyzed by raising the pH
- a primer site is created on the ssDNA
- a complementary DNA strand is synthesized, forming a ds cDNA molecule.
- dsDNA
Explanation:
cDNA is the acronym for complementary DNA. This DNA is a single or double stranded moolecule that is synthesized from a messenger RNA molecule. This molecule is used in studies that aim to clone eukaryotic genes in prokaryotic individuals. The result of this is the expression of a protein from a eukaryotic individual in prokaryotic individuals.
To form a double-stranded cDNA molecule, the following steps would be required:
- DNA to be cloned
- mature mammalian mRNA is isolated
- reverse transcriptase, provided with a primer, synthesizes a strand of cDNA without introns
- the mRNA is hydrolyzed by raising the pH
- a primer site is created on the ssDNA
- a complementary DNA strand is synthesized, forming a ds cDNA molecule.
- dsDNA
In the period when the lush ancient forests exited on Earth, the ones that provided the material for the formation of the coal that we use nowadays, Australia did not provide the right conditions for the existence of these forests.
The problem was that Australia was located very close to the South Pole in that period. Because of its location, Australia was colder and drier than most of the landmass on the Earth. By having less precipitation, and colder climate, Australia was not suitable for the tropical rainforests of that period, thus it did not had the material from which the coal formed latter on in the geological time scale.
A) Blades
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