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Answer:
Palisade mesophyll and guard cells. 13. Remembering the function of chloroplasts, in which part(s) of the leaf is photosynthesis taking place?
Explanation:
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Answer: Energy decreases as it moves up trophic levels because energy is lost as metabolic heat when the organisms from one trophic level are consumed by organisms from the next level. Trophic level transfer efficiency (TLTE) measures the amount of energy that is transferred between trophic levels. or in materials that the consumer does not digest, or through movement
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Answer:
Osteoblast, osteocytes and osteoclasts are responsible for breaking down bone during remodeling.
Explanation:
The process which is responsible during bone formation in equally in initial and later stages of remodelling, they are the bigger cells which are responsible for the synthesis and mineralisation of bone. Osteocytes are the rich in cells in the bone tissue, which is helpful in detection of the mechanical loading, also manages the in bone formation and bone resorption. Osteoclast are cells that disintegrate the bone to start normal bone remodelling and also contemplate bone loss in pathologic condition by growing its resorptive capacity.
Answer:
- In terrestrial environments: increasing CO2 levels cause an increased photosynthetic rate
- In aquatic environments: increasing CO2 levels cause an increase in water acidity
- In both terrestrial and aquatic environments: increasing CO2 levels lead to an overall increase in the average temperature (global warming)
Explanation:
In terrestrial ecosystems, rising carbon dioxide (CO2) levels increase the rate of photosynthesis (since CO2 is one of the reactants in photosynthesis), thereby also increasing plant growth. Moreover, in aquatic ecosystems, rising CO2 concentrations increase the levels of this gas dissolved on the surface of the oceans. This increases the acidity of the oceans, thereby modifying habitats and food web structures. The increasing acidity of the oceans also reduces the amounts of carbonate, which difficult for aquatic species (e.g., corals) to form their shells/skeletons. Finally, CO2 is a greenhouse gas that contributes to the increase in the average temperature by absorbing solar radiation that would otherwise have been reflected by the Earth's surface, and this increase in the temperature negatively affects life in both terrestrial and aquatic environments.
