Answer:
1. soliloquy extended speech by one character alone onstage
A soliloquy has the prefix solo that means one or alone.
2. aside lines spoken by one character that aren’t heard by other characters
An aside is said almost as though it is to the side or the audience. When Romeo asks if he should let Juliet know he can hear her or if he should wait to hear more, it is an aside. The audience can hear him but Juliet doesn't.
3. sonnet poetic form with 14 lines in a defined structure and strict rhyme scheme
Shakespeare wrote many sonnets. They have a very specific structure and rhyme scheme. There is also a pattern to the content of the sonnet. The last two lines are written almost like a conclusion.
4. monologue extended speech by one character speaking in the presence of others
A monologue is similar to a soliloquy but it is in the presence of other characters.
5. iambic pentameter form of poetry with ten syllables per line in an unstressed/stressed pattern
An iamb is a metric foot with an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable. The word pentameter means five metric feet, just like a pentagon has five sides.
