After French assistance helped the Continental Army force the British surrender at Yorktown, Virginia, in 1781, the Americans had effectively won their independence, though fighting would not formally end until 1783.
I just copied off my notes so i hope this helps
A volunteer organizations
The creation of the Federalist Party, that favored business, a strong government and a lax interpretation of the Constitution, and the Democratic-Republican Party, that wanted a society based on small farms and a weaker core government; changed the nature of politics in the US as they proposed a dichotomy when voting, since the Constitution had been silent about political parties.
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They faced segregation and racism.
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