the basic physical and organizational structures and facilities needed for the operation of a society or enterprise.
Considering the fact that Europe before the renaissance period was empty in most places due to plagues and poor living conditions once things slowly started to get better people started living in cities again and in larger populations so I believe the answer is A.
The correct answer is B. Poor whites and African Americans.
A poll tax was a certain amount of money a person had to pay in order to vote. This type of tax was popular in the Southern states of the US after the end of the Reconstruction period. The goal was ultimately to keep as many African-Americans from voting as possible. However, it also negatively impacted poor white citizens, as they could not afford to pay the tax as well.