Answer:
The stalemate and high casualties caused by trench warfare on the western front
Explanation:
I believe an answer could be assimilation, as assimilation is the integration or process of people/ideas/culture into a bigger culture or society. It was one of the major results of immigration into the United States.
I hope this helps :)
Try common ratio, because b represents a constant variable. (I’m not 100% but it may be this)