All but the first one as Germany took all the blame through the war guilt clause (article 231)
The meaning of this quote "A leader is best when people barely know he exists; when his work is done, his aim fulfilled, they will say; we did it ourselves" means if the leader is unknown to many people once he has finished or achieved a remarkable goal other people (such as Laozi) can steal the glory and be remembered for something they didn't do.
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He believed in the importance of state sovereignty.
Answer:
Thomas Jefferson, George Washington, James Madison, and others took the brave steps of creating a government based on the Enlightenment values of liberty, equality, and a new form of justice.
So to simplify, liberty, equality, and a new form of justice.
