Maximum Thrift is a method / philosophy that considers the shortest tree (in number of transformation steps) the best hypothesis about the phylogenetic relationship of a given set of terminals. Transformation step is the cost attributed to the change of character state in a given branch of the tree, be it the change from one nucleotide base to another, amino acids, or the color of an animal's iris. The fewer transformations, the shorter the tree, and therefore the more parsimonious. In this method, what programs do is to investigate as many alternative topologies as possible (or all if their array has less than 25 terminals; see more details below) given their character array. Each will be measured, and the shorter (optimal) trees will be retained as the most parsimonious result.
Both are used for energy to the body.
Answer:
Diffusion helps animals in respiration. The cells in an animal's body need glucose and oxygen for respiration. Both these are carried in the blood. When blood reaches the cells the molecules of glucose and oxygen diffuse out of the blood and into the cells. As cells use up the glucose and oxygen they produce waste chemicals and carbon dioxide.
Diffusion is a very important process for photosynthesis where carbon dioxide from the stomata diffuses into the leaves and finally into the cells. This helps the plants to photosynthesize and produce more food.
Example for animals: Animals using glucose and oxygen in diffusion.
Examples for plants: Plants using carbon dioxide to photosynthesize.
Answer:
[D] Pitch
Explanation:
The measure of how high or low a sound is called the pitch.
