Answer: The government.
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What was the overall effect of the civil rights movement on the economic status of African Americans by 1975? The civil rights movement succeeded in eliminating legal segregation and knocking down barriers to African American voting and political participation.
The second option is the correct answer.
Back in day, there was child labor, so if parents needed more money, they would force there children to work. Thus, they didn't have time for school.
They were referred to as "Royal Colonies"; it's a term with British origins means those territories not annexed yet under its control.