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jeka57 [31]
3 years ago
7

4. What information would allow you to distinguish between homologous vs. analogous (AKA homoplastic) traits, or to decide wheth

er similarities between taxa likely arose via convergent evolution? Be able to do this from descriptions of traits and/or phylogenetic information.
Biology
1 answer:
aleksandr82 [10.1K]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

Homologies - phenotypic and genetic similarities due to shared ancestry

Analogies (homoplastic) - similarities between two species due to convergent evolution instead of descent from a common ancestor with the same trait

In general, organisms that share very similar morphologies or similar DNA sequences are likely to be more closely related than organisms with vastly different structures or sequences. In some cases, however, the morphological divergence between related species can be great and their genetic divergence small (or vice versa).

(plants very different, bc diverged 50 mil years ago)

If internal anatomy, physiology, and reproductive systems are very dissimilar, probably analogous.

The more elements that are similar in two complex structures, the more likely it is that the structures evolved from a common ancestor. If genes in two organisms share many portions of their nucleotide sequences, it is likely that the genes are homologous.:

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In circumstances where the body requires prolonged or increased levels of a hormone, the DNA of target cells will specify the sy
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The correct answer is option C. up-regulation.

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When the body requires the increased level of the hormone, target cells increase the synthesis of more receptors on the cell surface of the target organ. This process is known as the up-regulation of the receptors for the hormone.

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Thus, the correct answer is option C up-regulation.

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Modern kangaroos are found only in Australia. Based on biogeography, what can you conclude about the fossils of organisms that r
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Answer: What makes a marsupial, a marsupial? A discussion on the historical biogeography and biological evolution of marsupial mammals. Dr. Robert Voss is a professor at Richard Gilder Graduate School and the American Museum of Natural History. His primary research interests are the evolution of marsupials and the systematics and biogeography of other Neotropical mammals that inhabit moist-forest habitats in Amazonia and the Andes.

What anatomical characteristics distinguish marsupial mammals from placental?

Living marsupials and placentals can be distinguished by a number of anatomical features, including structural differences in their ear regions, teeth, postcranial skeletons, reproductive tracts, and brains. Most people think of pouches when they think about marsupials, but not all marsupials have pouches.

When did these two subclasses of mammals separate from their common ancestor? What do we know about that common ancestor?

The lineages that gave rise to living marsupials and placentals are recognizably distinct in the fossil record as far back as the Early Cretaceous (about 125 million years ago), so the most recent common ancestor of these groups must have lived even earlier. How much earlier is controversial, with some estimates suggesting a date of almost 150 million years (in the Late Jurassic). We don’t know anything about that ancestor for certain, but we assume that it was not unlike the earliest known marsupials and placentals: probably a small climbing (arboreal or semiarboreal) mammal, perhaps superficially resembling living opossums or tree shrews. Because the earliest known marsupial and placental fossils are from China, most paleontologists assume that their most recent common ancestor lived somewhere in eastern Asia.

What is convergent evolution and what are some examples of convergent evolution between marsupial and placental mammals?

Convergent evolution is the appearance of similar traits in distantly related lineages. Examples of convergent evolution between placentals and marsupials are the extinct Tasmanian “wolf” (a very wolflike marsupial), marsupial “moles” (living molelike marsupials that burrow in the sandy deserts of Australia), and kangaroo rats (North American rodents that hop on their hind legs like kangaroos).

Explanation:

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3 years ago
_3. At warm temperatures, a certain bread mold can
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Answer:

1) Gene expression can be modified by Interactions with the environment

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Environment factors such as temperature change for instance affects the expression of the genes for a particular trait and these genes can be modified too.

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What is not a main principle of the cell theory?
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Answer: c not all cells have a nucleus (prokaryotic cells don’t)

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