The federal govt has the power to maintain a military
The French had set up trading posts in the Louisiana Territory and traded goods using the Mississippi River as transportation. The river leads into the ocean, specifically in New Orleans. New Orleans was a major port used to transport goods from the Louisiana Territory back to Europe.
Yes, moderate republicans wanted the reconstruction plan while radical republicans thought reconstruction was too lenient toward the south and wasn’t harsh enough due to the fact they caused the war. The radical republicans plan was to disband the aristocracy with farming, redistribute land and guarantee the civil rights to former slaves.