Answer:
E. Each codon represents a different amino acid.
Explanation:
The genetic code refers to the set of rules guiding the translation of nucleotide bases in DNA or RNA into an amino acid sequence (proteins). The genetic code contains all the codons in the genome, which is a group of three nucleotide base (triplet-based). Each codon species a particular amino acid, however, more than one codon can code for a particular amino acid. This characteristics of the genetic code is called DEGENERACY.
The genetic code is said to be nearly universal because the same codon encodes the same amino acid in almost all living organisms with only few exceptions. The nonoverlapping nature of the genetic code refers to the fact the three bases of a codon are read independently from the bases of another codon i.e. codons do not overlap.
A codon represents one amino acid but more than one codon can represent the same amino acid. Hence, option E is untrue
All of the above options are correct because all the given three options are possible
The first options answer is phloem while the second answer is roots
7. Adenine (A), Guanine, Cytosine and Thymine are the four nitrogenous bases in DNA.
8. In DNA Cytosine always forms hydrogen bonds with guanine.
9. The sequence of nucleotides carries the genetic information of an organism.
10. The process of replication produces a new copy of an organism's genetic information which is passed on to a new cell.
11. The double-coiled shape of DNA is called a double helix
Explanation:
There are four nitrogenous bases in the DNA of an organism. Two of the bases are pyrimidines eg: Thymine and cytosine while 2 of the bases are purine bases namely adenine and guanine. The purine of one strand forms a hydrogen bond with pyrimidine of the parallel strand of DNA.
The bases are present in nucleoplasm as dNMPs and in DNA they are present as dNTPs (deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate). During replication, these dNMPS keeps on bonding with other dNMPs in the presence of ATP and as DNA Polymerase, ligase topoisomerase etc. These nucleotides form the DNA strands and they are responsible for coding proteins. The sequence of DNA is also termed as gene.
The double helix structure of DNA was given by Watson and Crick. Each strand has an alternative backbone of sugar and phosphate group. The four bases bonds with glycosidic and phosphodiester bonds with sugar and phosphoric acid.
