The picture is basically not necessary here, what the question is asking is : why do we have different time and different time zones?
Our time is divided into 24 hours, so you could ask: what happens every 24 hours? the answer is: the Earth rotates around its axis. So, the Earth motion responsible for this is its rotation around its axis.
I believe the correct word to fill in the blank is water. In moist climates, water tends to dissolve limestone near the surface, resulting in cave formation since limestone is soluble to water. Hope this answers the question. Have a nice day.
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