1) The antibodies destroy the antigen (pathogen) which is then swallowed and digested by macrophages.
2) White blood cells can produce antitoxins which destroy the toxins that are otherwise known as poison.
Answer: Meiosis is a process in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell. Meiosis usually involves two distinct divisions, called meiosis I and meiosis II. By the end of meiosis II, the diploid cell becomes four haploid cells.
Explanation:
The answer is false because it reduces
Answer:
Interaction between hydrophobic (nonpolar) amino acid side chains is due to hydrophobic interactions.
Repulsion between negatively charged backbone of DNA double helix is due to electrostatic repulsion forces.
Interaction between water and carbonyl oxygen of guanine is due hydrogen bonding
Explanation:
The hydrophobic effect refers to the tendency of non-polar substances forms aggregates in an aqueous solutions in order to avoid interactions with water molecules. This results in a favorable entropy increase.
For non-polar amino acids, hydrophobic interactions are important in stabilizing their structure wherein they are densely packed within the core of a protein while those with with polar groups are found in the exterior.
The phosphate backbone of DNA is negatively charged. Since like charges repel, therefore, electrostatic repulsion forces of the ions are responsible the repulsion of the backbone DNA double helix.
Hydrogen bonds are formed between electronegative oxygen atoms and hydrogen atoms of neighboring molecules due to the partial negative and positive charges on each of the atoms.
This hydrogen bonding is responsible for the interaction between water and carbonyl oxygen of guanine as the hydrogen atoms of the water molecules are attracted to the oxygen atoms of the guanine molecules due to the partial charges on each of the atoms.
Answer: Option (A) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
A group in a periodic table is represented by a column. And, when we move down a group then there occurs an increase in atomic size or atomic radii of the elements.
This is because number of electrons add into new shells which leads to increase in atomic radii of the element.
Therefore, if we say that two elements in a group have similar atomic radii then it is false.
Whereas the two elements of a group might have a high melting point.
Also the statements, the two elements both are highly reactive in oxygen and the two elements both bonds with chlorine to form a salt in a 1 to one ratio can be true for elements of the same group.
Thus, we can conclude that the statement two elements both have similar atomic radii would not support the conclusion that two elements are in the same group.
