The correct answer is - b. African.
The African tectonic plate will move the most of all tectonic plates. It is moving into a northeastern direction, and it is pushing towards the western part of the Eurasian tectonic plate and it is squeezing the Arabian tectonic plate between itself and the Eurasian tectonic plate. Because of this movement, the African tectonic plate in a relatively small amount of time (geologically speaking) will merge with Europe, and since both of the plates are of same density a large mountain range will start to form because of the pressure between the two plates. Also, the Mediterranean Sea will be cut of from the Atlantic Ocean and it will dry out.
A the dashre kavir i think
1): it's learned helplessness, -it's really hard to unlearn, and can't really be unlearned by conditioning.
2) the best answer here is social cognitive theory - observation of others is seen as a part of social cognition.
3) Here the correct answer is the following:
B. can develop even if a behavior is only intermittently reinforced. This means that you believe you're lucky on Fridays, even if you're not lucky on every Friday, only on some Fridays.
Wind, different air pressure.