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nikklg [1K]
3 years ago
6

An open box is to be made out of a 6-inch by 14-inch piece of cardboard by cutting out squares of equal size from the four corne

rs and bending up the sides. Find the dimensions of the resulting box that has the largest volume
Mathematics
1 answer:
lawyer [7]3 years ago
3 0

Answer:

The dimensions of the resulting box that has the largest volume is 1.3 inches x 1.3 inches

Step-by-step explanation:

Card board size is L= 14 inches and

W = 6 inches

Let x be the size of equal squares cut from 4 corners and bent into a box whose size is now;

L = 14 − 2x , W = 6 −2x and h = x inches.

Volume of the box is given as;

V = (14 −2x)(6−2x)x

V =(4x² − 40x + 84)x

= 4x³ − 40x² + 84x.

Now, for the maximum value,

dV/dx =0

Thus,

dv/dx = 12x² - 80x + 84 = 0

Using quadratic formula

x = [-(-80) ± √(-80²) - 4(12 x 84)]/(2 x 12)

x = [80 ± √(6400 - 4032)]/24

x = (80 + 48.66)/24 or (80-48.66)/24

x = 5.36 or 1.31

Looking at the two values, 1.31 would be more appropriate because if we use 5.36,we will get a negative value of the width (W).

Thus, x = 1.31 inches

Let us use the Second Derivative Test to verify that V has a local maximum at x = 1.31.

Thus;

d²v/dx² = 24x - 80 = 24(1.31) - 80 = -48.56

This is less than 0 and therefore, the volume of the box is maximized when a 1.31 inch by 1.3 inch square is cut from the corners of the cardboard sheet.

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avanturin [10]

The time value of money calculation can be performed using formula equations or online calculators.

The correct responses are;

  • 1) Option 3
  • 2) Option 2
  • 3) The difference in principal is approximately $8,000
  • The difference in interest earned is approximately $2,977.87
  • 4) It is better to invest more money at the beginning of the 30 years

Reasons:

Option 1: Present value = 0

Amount invested per month, A = $25/month

The Annual Percentage Rate, APR, r = 3.25%

Number of years = 30

The future value of an annuity is given by the formula;

\displaystyle FV_{A} = \mathbf{A \cdot \left (\frac{ \left(1 + \frac{r}{m} \right)^{m\cdot t} - 1}{\frac{r}{m} } \right)}

In option 1, m = 12 periods per year

Therefore;

\displaystyle FV_{A} = 25 \times \left (\frac{ \left(1 + \frac{0.0325}{12} \right)^{12 \times 30} - 1}{\frac{0.0325}{12} } \right) \approx  \mathbf{15,209.3}

Contribution = $25 × 12 × 30 = $9,000

Total interest earned = $15,209.3 - $9,000 = $6,209.3

Final balance = $15,209.3

Option 2: Present value = 0

Amount, A = $75/quarter

m = 4 periods per year

The Annual Percentage Rate, APR = 4.00%

Therefore;

The effective interest rate is therefore;

\displaystyle r_{eff} = \left(1 + \frac{0.04}{4} \right)^4 - 1 \approx \mathbf{0.04060401}

\displaystyle FV_{A} = 75 \times \left (\frac{ \left(1 + \frac{0.04060401}{4} \right)^{4 \times 30} - 1}{\frac{0.04060401}{4} } \right) \approx  17,437.7

Using an online calculator, FV = $17,467.04

Contribution = $75 × 4 × 30 = $9,000

Total interest earned = $17,467.04 - $9,000 = $8,467.04

Final balance = $17,467.04

Option 3: Present value = $1,000

APR = 6.25%

m = 12 period per year

Number of years, t = 30 years

Therefore;

\displaystyle FV = \left (1 + \frac{0.0625}{12} \right)^{12 \times 30} \approx \mathbf{6,489.17}

Contribution = $1,000

Total interest earned = $6,489.17 - $1,000 = $5,489.17

Final balance = $6,489.17

The table of values is therefore;

  • \begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|c|}Option \# &Contribution &Total Interest Earned&Final Balance\\1&\$9,000&\$6,209.3 & \$15,209.3\\2&\$9,000&\$8,467.04 &\$17,467.04\\3&\$1,000&\$5,489.17&\$6,489.17\end{array}\right]

1) The option that has the least amount invested are <u>option 3</u>

Option 3 investment plan is a present value of $1,000, invested for 30 years at 6.25% APR compounded monthly.

2) <u>Option 2</u> yielded the highest amount at the end of 30 years, given that the APR is higher than the APR for option 1, although the amount invested over the period are the same.

The basis of option 2 investment plan is $75 invested quarterly at 4.00% APR compounded monthly for 30 years.

3) The difference in the principal invested for the highest and lowest final balance is $9,000 - $1,000 = <u>$8,000</u>

The difference in the interest earned is; $8,467.04 - $5,489.17 = <u>$2,977.87</u>

4) In option 1 the present value is zero, therefore zero amount was invested at the beginning.

The interest to investment ration is 6,209.3:9,000 ≈ 0.7:1

In option 3, all the money was invested at the beginning.

The interest to investment ratio of option 3 is; 5,489.17:1,000 ≈ 5.5:1

Given that the interest to investment ratio, which is the return on investment is larger when more money is saved at the beginning as in option 3, <u>it is better to invest more money at the beginning</u>.

Learn more about future value of an annuity here:

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