Answer is B.simile
The poet is comparing a year to a Ferris wheel without using the words "as or like"
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I believe it is the second one.
Only use colons after statements that are complete sentences. Don't use it after a sentence fragment. It may be used between independent clauses when the second sentence explains the first sentence.
Ex: He has three favorite movie genres: action, comedy, and drama.
This is your answer for the parenthetical citation (World Magazine, 2009, page 56)