Answer: Statement A
Explanation: Direct cost are those costs which are variable in nature and can be allocated to the total units of output produced, these are easily traceable. Examples - direct material, direct labor and piece rate wages etc.
Indirect costs are those cost which cannot be allocated to the number of units produced on individual basis unlike direct cost these costs can be either fixed or variable in nature. Examples - rent expenses, administrative expenses.
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From the above explanation we can conclude that statement A is correct.
Answer:
The question is missing the options which are below:
A Real risk-free rate differences.
B Tax effects.
C Default risk differences.
D Maturity risk differences.
E Inflation differences.
The correct answer is option C,default risk differences.
Explanation:
Default risk is the increase in return given to an investor to compensate the investor for the likely losses that may arise due to the inability of the borrower to make funds available to the investor on the maturity date or even in required amount.
Different debt instruments have different default risk depending on their credit rating as rated by international rating agencies.Such rating is a function of many factors,which includes:
Balance sheet position
Profitability
Liquidity strength of the company
Macro-economic factors and some others.
Liquidity refers to the ability of the company to settle obligations such as repayment of bonds and interest when due.
Invariably,liquidity has a higher impact in determining credit rating as well as default risk of an instrument.
Answer:
a. At lower levels, management have fewer controllable costs
Explanation:
The opposite is true, lower-level management have more controllabe costs than higher level management because top management focuses on the general strategy of the firm, while lower management focuses on the specific production processes.
It is in these specific production processes that many controllable costs arise. A production line supervisor (part of lower-level management) can directly control some variable costs such as energy used, amount of input, or even work hours.
Answer:
13%
Explanation:
As per the situation the solution of required rate of return first we need to find out the beta which is shown below:-
Expected rate of return = Risk-free rate of return + Beta × (Market rate of return - Risk-free rate of return)
11% = 7% + Beta × 6%
Beta = 1
now If the market risk premium increased to 6% so,
The required rate of return = 7% + 1 × 6%
= 13%
Therefore for computing the required rate of return we simply applied the above formula.
Answer:
The correct answer is the first option: Because of our limited incomes conflicting with our insatiable wants for goods and services.
Explanation:
To begin with, in the microeconomics theory, the individuals agents that are the consumers are all the time trying to satisfy their needs due to the fact that there is an unlimited desire for goods and services that keep continue to grow all the time and that conflicts with the fact that most of the people have only few and limited resources to get the necessary income to obtain all of those goods and services. That is why that the consumers always look for the way to maximize their satisfaction according to the available income that they have with the purpose to spend it on those goods and services.
