Answer:The law of superposition states that rock strata (layers) farthest from the ground surface are the oldest (formed first) and rock strata (layers) closest to the ground surface are the youngest (formed most recently). A fossil is the remains or traces of plants and animals that lived long ago.
Explanation:
Law of Superposition
The relative ages of rocks are important for understanding Earth's history. New rock layers are always deposited on top of existing rock layers. Therefore, deeper layers must be older than layers closer to the surface. This is the law of superposition.
Something that we hope you have learned from these lessons and from your own life experience is that the laws of nature never change. They are the same today as they were billions of years ago. Water freezes at 0° C at 1 atmosphere pressure; this is always true.
Knowing that natural laws never change helps scientists understand Earth’s past because it allows them to interpret clues about how things happened long ago. Geologists always use present-day processes to interpret the past. If you find a fossil of a fish in a dry terrestrial environment did the fish flop around on land? Did the rock form in water and then move? Since fish do not flop around on land today, the explanation that adheres to the philosophy that natural laws do not change is that the rock moved.
1What type of unconforruity is represented between layers E+I+F and E? Is intrusion C older or younger than
layers D, H, and A? Which principle do you apply to solve this? Is fault *5 older or younger than intrusion C? Which
principle do you apply to solve this? Rock sequence fi'om oldest to youngest:
Kola Nuts sold as trade -west africa
niger one- west africa
salt- north africa
gold- south africa
Answer: A - P.M. Grootes, K.M. Cuffey, and J.M. Bolzan, among others.
Explanation: Dr. Anandakrishnan collaborated and coauthored with all of the people listed above and has worked with many other people.
During the year 1994, Dr. Sridhar Anandakrishnan collaborated with Kurt M Cuffey, Richard B Alley, Pieter M Grootes and John M Bolzan on the topic 'Calibration of the δ18O isotopic paleothermometer for central Greenland, using borehole temperatures'
They calibrated the δ 18O paleo-thermometer for central Greenland using borehole temperatures, a thermal model forced by a measured δ 18O record and a formal inverse technique. The calibration is determined mostly by temperature fluctuations of the last several centuries, including the Little Ice Age.
Results are generally insensitive to model variables, including initial condition, basal boundary condition, parameterization of snow thermal properties, ice thickness and likely errors in temperature and isotope measurements. Results of this borehole calibration also seem to be in agreement with modern spatial gradients of δ 18O and temperature.
They suggest that calibrations of isotopic paleothermometers using borehole temperatures are a useful paleoclimate tool because they are independent of spatial gradients and include the effects of prehistoric temperatures.
