Kernel sentences are basic constructions with only one single verb, which is affirmative and active.
The rest of the alternatives are incorrect because <em>Did Sally shave the cat? </em>is interrogative, <em>The cat was shaved by Sally </em>contains passive voice, and <em>Sally, don't shave the cat!</em> is a negative command.
No. Personification is used to give human-like attributes to non living thing. It may be alliteration, for there are two words with the same beginning sound.
